SCHACHWELT

Oftmals bescheren uns Funktionäre des Weltschachverbandes FIDE Regeländerungen, die schwer nachvollziehbar sind und Volks- und Praxisnähe vermissen lassen. Doch verwundert dies wenig. Ein Blick auf die 13 Mitglieder der FIDE Regelkommission (Commission for Rules and Tournament Regulations)  erweckt nicht den Eindruck eines schachnahen, entscheidungsfähigen Teams. Eine babylonische Zusammensetzung von 13 Mitgliedern aus 13 Nationen und einem Vorsitzenden, der, zumindest im neuen Jahrtausend, keine Partie nach seinen abgesegneten Regeln gespielt hat, sprechen für sich selbst. Doch auch für die Regelkommission des Deutschen Schachbundes (sog. Technische Kommission), mit einem möglicherweise etwas höheren Schachspieleranteil, scheint der Austausch mit den aktiven Spitzenspielern, für die die meisten Regeländerungen wohl eingeführt werden, nicht dringlich zu sein.

Nicht endender Diskussionsbedarf zu Karenzzeitregelung, Verkürzung der Bedenkzeit, Verbote elektronischer Hilfsmittel etc. ist die Folge. Schach soll aber in erster Linie Spaß machen und nicht unter der Verwaltung leiden. Wie bei anderen Sportarten sind die Regeln ein unabdingbares Beiwerk, das unter keinen Umständen in den Vordergrund treten darf oder benutzt werden kann, um einzelne Spieler zu maßregeln.

Abschaffung des Remis?

Anfang Mai wiesen die Kandidatenkämpfe in Kazan, die der Ermittlung des WM-Herausforderers dienten, eine unerfreulich hohe Remisquote von fast 90% auf. Sofort rief man auch hier nach Regeländerungen. Aus meiner Sicht war einzig der unglücklich gewählte Austragungsmodus die Ursache, doch Wladimir Kramnik regte an, das Rochaderecht erst ab dem zehnten Zug zu erlauben um eröffnungstheoretische Vorbereitung, die zum Verflachen der Stellungen führen kann, zu erschweren. Auch wenn er nachträglich die Aussage zum Scherz erklärte, scheint das Thema einige Spitzenspieler zu beschäftigen. Jüngst erkannte nun auch Rustam Kasimdzhanov, wenig beachteter FIDE-Weltmeister des Jahres 2004, das Remis als Quelle allen Übels und forderte in einem offenen Brief das häufigste Ergebnis des Schachs abzuschaffen. Nur so könnte unsere Sportart attraktiv werden, Sponsoren anziehen und irgendwie auch Tennis einholen….

Viel Lärm um nichts. Das Remis als taktische Waffe bereichert Schach immens. Wer glaubt, durch Regeländerungen Schach attraktiver machen zu können, scheint mir auf dem Holzweg zu sein. Hier sind die Veranstalter gefragt, und wie die großen privaten Turniere (London, Biel, Dortmund etc.) zeigen, hat man dort das Problem im Griff. Zuletzt konnte man überall großes Kampfschach beobachten, ohne einen Gedanken an Schachregeln zu verschwenden..

Sponsoren kommen nicht aufgrund von Regeln (eine Ausnahme stellen vielleicht die Bekleidungsrichtlinien bei Beachvolleyball dar..). Bekanntheitsgrad und Image der Sportart sind bestimmende Faktoren und hier führt Schach nunmal ein Dornröschendasein, Marketing und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit sind gefragt!

Hier der genaue Wortlaut Kazimdzhanovs Begehrens:

Open letter with a proposal

Dear chess friends,

I am writing this open letter, addressed both to FIDE and the entire chess playing world, due to a certain crisis, in which our noble game finds itself lately. This crisis is not only defined by a general dissatisfaction, coming from sponsors, organizers and amateurs; also among the professionals there has been some growing distress. Quite a number of traditional tournaments are no longer organized; in those still out there an ever growing number of extremely strong players is competing for the same money. At the same time voices from all around are expressing serious concern about lackluster play in some top tournaments, and notorious short draws.

To understand the reasons why our sport has never made it to the heights it deserves I find it useful to take a look at a sport very similar to ours – tennis. Both games feature the battle of two personalities, showing a whole array of technical weapons in their fight, competing in speed and precision, in patience and wisdom. Why, despite this apparent similarities, despite the fact that many more people worldwide are capable of playing chess properly, do we stand light-years behind tennis in everything that defines success in professional sport?

The reasons are numerous, no doubt, but the main problem, as I see it, is an existence of a draw as a result in chess. Short draws (and I also have made a number of those) make our game look more like an insider academic activity, rather than sport; but they can’t be avoided – the preparation of today and the inherent qualities of chess are such, that a draw, and in fact a short draw, is a most likely result in a game between strong well-prepared players. Still, in a well-organized tournament, top players, getting up to go to their hotel rooms after a ten minute draw, do not add attractiveness to chess.

Returning to tennis, the main attraction is, as I see it, the fact that every single fight produces a result; a winner and a loser at the end of the day. And there is a thrill for every spectator to see, say, Nadal and Federer, come to court, and know with certainty that one of them will triumph and the other one will lose. In short, to put it figuratively, there will be blood. And there will be great champions.

In our game, however, things are different. We also have great champions, but their greatness is sometimes limited to insiders of the game. In order to be successful outside of our little world, in order to make front pages and TV, and thereby also the finance that comes in a parcel, we need champions that appeal to a general public, even to a public far from intricacies of chess. Such was a winning streak of Novak Djokovic this year, for instance. Something that a win in a chess super tournament with 8 out of 13 simply cannot match.

And now comes my proposal. If we want success, sponsors, public and the rest of the parcel, we need to abolish those draws in classical tournaments. And not by Sofia rules – tournaments with Sofia rules produced as many draws as any other; and not by 30 move rule, where players are often just waiting for move 30. We need something entirely different. Like a tie-break in tennis. We need a result. Every single day.

And here is how it works. We play classical chess, say with a time control of four to five hours. Draw? No problem – change the colors, give us 20 minutes each and replay. Draw again? Ten minutes each, change the colors and replay. Until there is a winner of that day. And the winner wins the game and gets one point and the loser gets zero; and the game is rated accordingly, irrelevant of whether it came in a classical game, rapid or blitz.

This way the expectations of the crowd will never be deceived. There will always be a winner, there will always be blood. There will come an age of great champions, since withthis system there will be times when Vishy or Magnus will win Wijk-aan-Zee with 13 out 13; and there will be winning streaks, when some of the great champions will win 50 games in a row. We’ll make front pages.

And much more than that. It will be good for our sport. Not just sponsors and attention and prizes. It will be essentially good for our game. People will try extremely hard with white, in order to decide the issue now, and not in a black rapid game. Instead offering a draw in a slightly better ending in order to save energy and catch a movie, chess players will show their whole ability and will win these endings. As a matter of fact this will develop classical chess.

And there is so much more. Often players, playing white, feeling rough in the morning, get to the game with an attitude “I’ll just make a draw today” Imagine, what will happen to this attitude? Chess will become a true sport. We’ll wake up to win or to lose that day. We’ll come tho the board, ready to play chess. And just like when we come to see Federer play – we see his whipping forehand, his effortless slice, his hammer serve and immaculate return – same will happen in chess. Every single day we’ll see players like Aronian or Grischuk pressing with white, wriggling out of trouble with black and showing some blitz skills to an ever larger public. That is something I would like to watch and play.

Grandmaster Rustam Kasimdzhanov